Ekosistem Budaya Pesantren dalam Pencegahan Radikalisasi Ideologis: Studi Etnografis di Makassar

Sulaeman; St. Muthahharah

doi:10.30599/yn06rk59

Authors

Sulaeman Universitas Muhammadiyah Makassar
St. Muthahharah Universitas Muhammadiyah Makassar

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.30599/yn06rk59

Keywords:

Pesantren, Moderasi Beragama, Radikalisasi Ideologi, Ekosistem Budaya, Pendidikan Islam

Abstract

Radikalisasi ideologis merupakan ancaman serius yang dapat memengaruhi kestabilan sosial. Fenomena ini tidak hanya terkait dengan doktrin agama, tetapi juga dipengaruhi oleh faktor sosial dan lingkungan pendidikan. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis bagaimana ekosistem budaya pesantren berfungsi sebagai mekanisme pencegahan radikalisasi ideologis. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan desain etnografis yang dilaksanakan di Pondok Pesantren Putri Ummul Mukminin ‘Aisyiyah Wilayah Sulawesi Selatan di Makassar. Data dikumpulkan melalui observasi partisipatif, wawancara mendalam, dan analisis dokumen, kemudian dianalisis secara tematik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kehidupan komunal yang terstruktur berperan sebagai mekanisme protektif terhadap penetrasi ideologi radikal. Selain itu, relasi otoritas keagamaan berbasis keteladanan juga berperan penting dalam pencegahan tersebut. Tradisi literasi keagamaan yang menghargai keragaman pandangan ulama turut mendukung upaya pencegahan radikalisasi. Di samping itu, internalisasi empat pilar moderasi beragama dalam praktik keseharian juga memainkan peran penting dalam melawan ideologi radikal. Temuan ini menegaskan bahwa pesantren memiliki kapasitas internal yang kuat dalam pencegahan radikalisasi ideologis dan perlu dipahami sebagai ekosistem budaya pendidikan yang berkelanjutan.

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